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Cách xử lý NO2 trong ao nuôi tôm

NO2 là yếu tố mà người nuôi tôm luôn quan tâm vì tác hại ghê gớm của nó gây ra, đặc biệt với ao nuôi tôm có độ mặn thấp. Vì thế bà con nuôi trồng thủy sản, đặc biệt là nuôi tôm cần chú ý xử lý NO2 để tránh ảnh hướng

vi sinh, vi sinh xử lý đáy, men tiêu hóa, kỹ thuật nuôi cấy vi sinh

Ao tôm những tháng cuối thường có khí độc NO2 cao

1. Nguyên nhân khiến NO2 trong ao tăng

Thực tế NO2 là ion NO2 âm trong axit HNO2 chứ không phải là khí NO2, được hình thành từ hàm lượng đạm dư thừa tích tụ trong ao nuôi tôm. Nguyên nhân lớn nhất là do thức ăn dư thừa, chất thải trong quá trình nuôi tôm, xác động vật chết hoặc tảo, nguồn nước bị ô nhiễm.

Chất thải, thức ăn dư thừa nhiều một phần nguyên nhân là do mật độ tôm trong ao nuôi không hợp lý, quản lý thức ăn và sức khỏe tôm chưa tốt, quản lý môi trường trong ao bị đứt gãy. Lượng chất thải và thức ăn không được hấp thụ hết khiến cho ao nuôi tôm phát sinh khí độc NH3, NO2.

Hàm lượng oxy trong nước thấp khiến cho chu trình nitrat hóa không diễn ra một cách triệt để làm cho NO2 hình thành với một lượng khá lớn trong môi trường nước của ao nuôi tôm. Những ngày mưa hoặc âm u là những ngày ao nuôi tôm thiếu oxy do tảo không đủ ánh sáng để quang hợp. Bên cạnh đó mật độ vi sinh vật hữu ích thấp cũng là một nguyên nhân khiến cho nồng độ NO2 trong ao nuôi tăng cao.

Thời tiết những ngày nắng nóng sẽ dễ làm nồng độ NO2 trong ao tăng cao do lượng thức ăn cho tôm tăng dễ dẫn đến dư thừa thức ăn, dưa thừa thức ăn trong điều kiện nắng nóng làm tốc độ phân hủy nhanh làm tăng đột ngột nộng độ NO2 trong nước ao.

vi sinh, vi sinh xử lý đáy, men tiêu hóa, kỹ thuật nuôi cấy vi sinh

Tôm nhiễm NO2 vỏ không cứng

2. Biểu hiện của ao tôm có nồng độ NO2 cao

Một biểu hiện dễ thấy nhất khi ao nuôi có nồng độ NO2 cao đó là tôm thường có biểu hiện lờ đờ nổi đầu vào buổi chiều. Tôm nhiễm khí độc NO2 cũng có các biểu hiện như kém ăn, tấp vô mép nước hoặc nhảy lên mặt nước, vỏ tôm không cứng, thân không đầy đặn. Tôm bị nhiễm nặng thì gan bị viêm, tôm bị bệnh phân trắng, đốm trắng và tổn thương mang.

Ao nuôi tôm có độ pH cao hơn 8.0, màu nước ao xanh đét hoặc đục là biểu hiện của nồng độ NO2 cao. Nếu nghi ngờ cần thiết hành xét nghiệm mẫu nước ao nuôi để có kết luận chính xác.

3. Biện pháp giảm nồng độ/ xử lý NO2 trong ao tôm

Xử lý NO2 trong ao nuôi tôm là sử dụng đồng bộ các giải pháp cụ thể là:

  • Giảm ăn hoăc cắt ăn vài cữ
  • Tăng cường bật quạt, sục khí.
  • Thay một phần nước với ao có hàm lượng NO2 cao.
  • Tăng cường sử dụng chế phẩm sinh học

3.1. Giảm bớt nồng độ NO2 trong ao tôm bằng BFC NO2 CLEAR 

Chế phẩm BFC NO2 CLEAR chứa các chủng vi sinh Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus pumilus với tính năng:

  • Là chủng thuộc chi Bacillus, sinh bào tử nên rất bền và ổn định.
  • Tốc độ xử lý NO2 nhanh.
  • Dải nhiệt độ và pH rất phù hợp cho việc xử lý trong ao nuôi thuỷ sản.
  • Giải quyết triệt để nguồn đạm, NH3, NO2 trong ao nuôi.

Hòa tan một gói BFC NO2 CLEAR với 1kg rỉ mật và 50 lít nước, tiến hành sục hỗn hợp này trong 2 đến 4 giờ. Lượng hỗn hợp này dùng cho ao nuôi tôm 2.000 – 3.000 m3 nước ao. Sử dụng vào ao nuôi tôm vào 15 đến 17 giờ chiều liên tục trong 2 đến 3 ngày.

vi sinh, vi sinh xử lý đáy, men tiêu hóa, kỹ thuật nuôi cấy vi sinh

BFC NO2 CLEAR – chế phẩm sinh học xử lý NO2 trong ao tôm

3.2. Các biện pháp hỗ trợ xử lý NO2

Thức ăn dư thừa là một trong những nguyên nhân gây nên khí độc NO2 trong ao nuôi tôm. Do đó khi ao nuôi có dấu hiệu nồng độ NO2 cao thì cần phải giảm lượng thức ăn cho tôm từ 1 đến 2 ngày giảm từ 30 đến 40%.

Môi trường yếm khí sẽ tạo điều kiện hình thành khí NO2 một cách nhanh chóng do đó người nuôi tôm cần sục khí cho ao nuôi để tăng lượng oxy trong nước. Oxy đáy >4ppm để đảm bảo môi trường nước an toàn cho tôm trong ao nuôi. Bà con cũng cần giảm độ pH trong nước ao nuôi tôm bằng cách BFC TẠT trong 2 ngày liên tiếp. 1kg BFC TẠT được dùng cho 1.000 m3 nước ao tôm.

Xử lý NO2 trong ao nuôi tôm khá dễ thực hiện với sự hỗ trợ của chế phẩm sinh học BFC NO2 CLEAR, do đó người nuôi tôm nên cập nhật cho mình thông tin về sản phẩm để kịp thời xử lý tránh thiệt hại kinh tế cho gia đình mình.

 Xem thêm: Những lưu ý cần nắm vững khi xử lý đáy ao nuôi tôm bể bạt

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    กับฉัน|มีข้อมูลใหม่ที่ฉันไม่เคยรู้มาก่อน}.|นี่คือสิ่งที่ฉันกำลังมองหา, {เป็นบทความที่มีประโยชน์มาก|ช่วยตอบคำถามที่ฉันสงสัยได้มาก}!|{คุณแนะนำหนังสือเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับหัวข้อนี้ได้ไหม|มีหนังสืออะไรที่คล้ายกับเรื่องนี้แนะนำบ้าง}?|{ฉันเห็นด้วยกับความคิดเห็นของคุณ|ความคิดเห็นของคุณน่าสนใจ}, และ{อยากอ่านบทความเพิ่มเติม|อยากเห็นเนื้อหาเพิ่มเติมจากคุณ}.|{ข้อมูลที่น่าสนใจมาก|ข้อมูลนี้ใหม่มากสำหรับฉัน}, {เพิ่งเริ่มสนใจเรื่องนี้|มันทำให้ฉันอยากศึกษาเพิ่มเติม}.|มีข้อแนะนำเพิ่มเติมจากสิ่งที่คุณพูดในบทความนี้ไหม?|นี่เป็นครั้งแรกที่ฉันได้ยินเรื่องนี้,
    {อยากเรียนรู้เพิ่มเติมจริงๆ|อยากทำความเข้าใจมากขึ้น}.|มันทำให้ฉันนึกถึงประสบการณ์ของตัวเอง{ที่เกี่ยวข้อง|}.|บทความนี้{เปิดมุมมองใหม่ๆ ให้ฉันได้มาก|มีข้อมูลที่น่าติดตามจริงๆ}.|{น่าสนใจมากครับ|ข้อมูลนี้ดีมากครับ},
    {ขอบคุณที่ให้ความรู้|ขอบคุณสำหรับข้อมูลครับ}.|{ชอบวิธีการนำเสนอของคุณ|การนำเสนอของคุณเข้าใจง่าย},
    {มันชัดเจนและตรงประเด็น|มันทำให้เข้าใจได้ง่ายจริงๆ}.|สิ่งนี้ช่วยโปรเจ็กต์ของฉันได้มาก, {ขอบคุณครับ|ขอบคุณมากจริงๆ}.|{อยากได้ยินความคิดเห็นจากคนอื่นๆ เพิ่มเติม|ใครมีความคิดเห็นเพิ่มเติม} เกี่ยวกับเรื่องนี้?|{หัวข้อนี้สำคัญและควรถูกพูดถึงมากขึ้น|มันเป็นหัวข้อที่ควรได้รับการพูดถึง}.|{มีคำแนะนำเพิ่มเติมจากที่คุณเขียนไหม|ช่วยขยายความเกี่ยวกับเรื่องนี้ได้ไหม}?|{บทความนี้น่าสนใจ|เนื้อหาน่าติดตามจริงๆ}, {ให้แง่มุมที่ไม่เคยนึกถึง|ทำให้ฉันคิดในมุมใหม่ๆ}.|{อยากอ่านบทความเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับเรื่องนี้|หวังว่าจะได้เห็นเนื้อหาเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับหัวข้อนี้}.|{จะดีถ้าเพิ่มเติมเรื่อง…ในบทความนี้ด้วย|ถ้ารวมเรื่อง…ไว้ในบทความนี้จะสมบูรณ์มากขึ้น}.|{คุณเขียนได้ชัดเจนมาก|คำอธิบายของคุณยอดเยี่ยม}, {ติดตามผลงานของคุณต่อไป|รออ่านบทความถัดไปของคุณ}.}

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